4mg/1ml Small Volume Parenteral Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate Injection Dosage 

4mg/1ml Small Volume Parenteral Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate Injection Dosage

Product : Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate Injection

Specification : 8mg/2ml, 4mg/1ml

Standard : BP, USP

Packing : 10 x 10amps/box

Description :

Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate is a water-soluble inorganic ester of dexamethasone. It occurs as a white or slightly yellow crystalline powder, is odorless or has a slight odor of alcohol, is exceedingly hygroscopic and is freely soluble in water.

Indications and Dosages :

➤➤To treat endocrine disorders, such as congenital adrenal hyperplasia, hypercalcemia associated with cancer, and nonsuppurative thyroiditis; acute episodes or exacerbations of rheumatic disorders; collagen diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus and acute rheumatic carditis; severe dermatologic diseases; severe allergic conditions, such

as seasonal or perennial allergic rhinitis, bronchial asthma, serum sickness, and drug hypersensitivity reactions; respiratory diseases, such as symptomatic sarcoidosis, löffler’s syndrome, berylliosis, fulminating or disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis, and aspiration pneumonitis; hematologic disorders, such as idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura and secondary thrombocytopenia in adults, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, aplastic crisis, and congenital hypoplastic anemia; tuberculous meningitis and trichinosis with neurologic or myocardial involvement

➤➤To manage leukemias and lymphomas in adults and acute leukemia in children; to induce diuresis or remission of proteinuria in idiopathic nephritic syndrome without uremia or nephritic syndrome caused by systemic lupus erythematosus

➤➤To provide palliative therapy during acute exacerbations of GI diseases, such as ulcerative colitis and regional enteritis

elixir, oral solution, tablets, i.v. or i.m. injection

Adults. Highly individualized dosage based on severity of disorder. Usual: 0.75 to 9 mg/day as a single dose or in divided doses. elixir, oral solution, tablets

Children. Highly individualized, based on severity of disorder. Usual: 83.3 to 333.3 mcg/kg daily in divided doses three times daily or four times daily.

i.m. injection

Children. Highly individualized, based on severity of disorder. Usual: 27.76 to 166.65 mcg/kg every 12 to 24 hr.

➤➤To manage adrenocortical insufficiency

elixir, oral solution, tablets, i.v. or i.m. injection

Adults. 0.5 to 9 mg daily as a single dose or in divided doses.

elixir, oral solution, tablets

Children. 23.3 mcg/kg daily in divided doses three times daily.

i.m. injection

Children. 23.3 mcg/kg daily in divided doses three times daily given every third day; alternatively, 7.76 to 11.65 mcg/kg daily.

➤➤To test for Cushing’s syndrome

elixir, oral solution, tablets

Adults. 0.5 mg every 6 hr for 48 hr, followed by collection of 24-hr urine specimen to determine 17-hydroxycorticosteroid level. Or, 1 mg at 11 p.m., followed by plasma cortisol test performed at 8 a.m. the next day.

➤➤To distinguish Cushing’s syndrome related to pituitary corticotropin excess from Cushing’s syndrome from other causes

elixir, oral solution, tablets

Adults. 2 mg every 6 hr for 48 hr, followed by collection of 24-hr urine specimen to

determine 17-hydroxycorticosteroid level.

➤➤To decrease cerebral edema

elixir, oral solution, tablets

Adults. 2 mg every 8 to 12 hr as maintenance after parenteral form has controlled initial symptoms.

i.v. infusion and injection

Adults. 10 mg I.V. followed by 4 mg I.M. every 6 hr. Decreased after 2 to 4 days, if needed, gradually tapering off over 5 to 7 days unless inoperable or recurring brain tumor is present. If such a tumor is present, dosage gradually decreased after 2 to 4 days to maintenance dosage of 2 mg I.M. every 8 to 12 hr and switched to P.O. regimen as soon as possible.

➤➤To treat unresponsive shock

i.v. infusion and injection

Adults. 20 mg as a single dose, followed by 3 mg/kg over 24 hr as a continuous infusion; 40 mg as a single dose, followed by 40 mg every 2 to 6 hr, as needed; or 1 mg/kg as a single dose. All regimens used no more than 3 days.

➤➤To decrease localized inflammation

intra-articular injection

Adults. 2 to 4 mg for large joint; 0.8 to 1 mg for small joint; 2 to 3 mg for bursae; 0.4 to 1 mg for tendon sheaths.

soft-tissue injection

Adults. 2 to 6 mg; 1 to 2 mg for ganglia.

intralesional injection

Adults. 0.8 to 1.6 mg/injection site.

Pharmacodynamics :

Dexamethasone and its derivatives, dexamethasone sodium phosphate and dexamethasone acetate, are synthetic glucocorticoids. Used for its antiinflammatory or immunosuppressive properties and ability to penetrate the CNS, dexamethasone is used alone to manage cerebral edema and with tobramycin to treat corticosteroid-responsive inflammatory ocular conditions.

Mechanism of action :

Dexamethasone is a glucocorticoid agonist. Unbound dexamethasone crosses cell membranes and binds with high affinity to specific cytoplasmic glucocorticoid receptors. This complex binds to DNA elements (glucocorticoid response elements) which results in a modification of transcription and, hence, protein synthesis in order to achieve inhibition of leukocyte infiltration at the site of inflammation, interference in the function of mediators of inflammatory response, suppression of humoral immune responses, and reduction in edema or scar tissue. The antiinflammatory actions of dexamethasone are thought to involve phospholipase A2 inhibitory proteins, lipocortins, which control the biosynthesis of potent mediators of inflammation such as prostaglandins and leukotrienes.