Hyoscine Hydrobromide Injection / Scopolamine Hydrobromide Injection

Hyoscine Hydrobromide Injection / Scopolamine Hydrobromide Injection

Product : Hyoscine Hydrobromide Injection Scopolamine Hydrobromide Injection

Specification : 1ml:0.3mg, 1ml:0.5mg

Standard : BP, USP

Packing : 10 x 10amps/box

Description :

An alkaloid from Solanaceae, especially Datura metel L. and Scopola carniolica. Scopolamine and its quaternary derivatives act as antimuscarinics like atropine, but may have more central nervous system effects. Among the many uses are as an anesthetic premedication, in urinary incontinence, in motion sickness, as an antispasmodic, and as a mydriatic and cycloplegic.

Indications and Dosages :

➤➤To treat biliary tract disorders, enuresis, nausea and vomiting, and nocturia

i.v., i.m., or subcutaneous injection (hydrobromide)

Adults and adolescents. 300 to 600 mcg (0.3 to 0.6 mg) as a single dose.

Children. 6 mcg (0.006 mg)/kg as a single dose.

➤➤To prevent excessive salivation and respiratory tract secretions during anesthesia

i.m. injection (hydrobromide)

Adults and adolescents. 0.2 to 0.6 mg 30 to 60 min before induction of anesthesia.

Children ages 8 to 12. 0.3 mg 45 to 60 min before induction of anesthesia.

Children ages 3 to 8. 0.2 mg 45 to 60 min before induction of anesthesia.

Children ages 7 months to 3 years. 0.15 mg 45 to 60 min before induction of anesthesia.

Infants ages 4 to 7 months. 0.1 mg 45 to 60 min before induction of anesthesia.

➤➤As adjunct to anesthesia to induce sleep and calmness

i.v., i.m., or subcutaneous injection (hydrobromide)

Adults and adolescents. 0.6 mg three times a day or four times a day.

➤➤As adjunct to anesthesia to induce amnesia

i.v., i.m., or subcutaneous injection (hydrobromide)

Adults and adolescents. 0.32 to 0.65 mg.

➤➤To prevent nausea, vomiting, and vertigo associated with motion sickness

transdermal system

Adults and adolescents. 1 U.S. transdermal system (0.5 mg) applied behind ear for 3-day period, beginning at least 4 hr before antiemetic effect is required. Or,

1 Canadian transdermal system (1 mg) applied behind ear for 3-day period, beginning at least 12 hr before antiemetic effect is required.

dosage adjustment Dosage reduction possible for elderly patients because of their increased sensitivity to scopolamine.

Pharmacodynamics :

Scopolamine is a muscarinic antagonist structurally similar to the neurotransmitter acetylcholine and acts by blocking the muscarinic acetylcholine receptors and is thus classified as an anticholinergic. Scopolamine has many uses including the prevention of motion sickness. It is not clear how Scopolamine prevents nausea and vomiting due to motion sickness. The vestibular part of the ear is very important for balance. When a person becomes disoriented due to motion, the vestibule sends a signal through nerves to the vomiting center in the brain, and vomiting occurs. Acetylcholine is a chemical that nerves use to transmit messages to each other. It is believe that Scopolamine prevents communication between the nerves of the vestibule and the vomiting center in the brain by blocking the action of acetylcholine. Scopolamine also may work directly on the vomiting center. Scopolamine must be taken before the onset of motion sickness to be effective.

Mechanism of action :

Scopolamine acts by interfering with the transmission of nerve impulses by acetylcholine in the parasympathetic nervous system (specifically the vomiting center).